# Human causes of European forest fires > Live situation record from CLSTR: https://clstr.news/situations/human-causes-of-european-forest-fires > Updated: 2026-08-31T18:09:00.000Z. Sources: 19. Developments: 3. Discussions regarding the causes of forest fires in Europe have focused on the distinction between natural phenomena and human activity. German forester Peter Wohlleben suggested that most devastating fires in Southern Europe are caused by arson rather than natural events, dismissing theories of spontaneous combustion and noting that lightning is a rare exception. Subsequent data from Germany’s Federal Office for Agriculture and Food supports the prevalence of human factors, stating that human activity accounts for 95 percent of incidents where the cause is determined, while only about three percent are attributed to natural causes like lightning. Experts noted that while climate change does not ignite fires, it creates highly flammable conditions through extreme dryness. In Belgium, the largest forest fire since 1911 occurred in the High Fens, with investigations suggesting the blaze may have been triggered by mowing activities. The environmental impact of these fires remains a significant concern, particularly for small, less mobile species and the risk of ‘zombie fires’ that smolder underground in organic soil. A study covering wildfires recorded between 2000 and 2016 indicates that human activity is responsible for approximately 97.5% of such incidents in Europe. While climate change facilitates the spread of flames, initial ignition is frequently linked to human factors. In Spain, statistics show that 84.31% of wildfires were attributed to negligence, carelessness, or arson. This ‘human-caused’ category encompasses a broad spectrum, from accidental sparks to deliberate arson. Similarly, in the United Kingdom, fire service records show only a small number of lightning-induced wildfires. ## Claims - Only approximately three percent of forest fires in Germany have natural causes, such as lightning. (corroborated by 3 sources) - In 2025, 46 percent of forest fire causes in Germany could not be clarified. (corroborated by 3 sources) - Of the clarified forest fire cases in Germany, 95 percent are caused by humans. (corroborated by 3 sources) - Drought conditions have created ideal environments for bark beetles, leading to increased deadwood and flammable material. (corroborated by 3 sources) - Zombie fires can occur when underground embers in roots or peat soils reignite after being thought extinguished. (single source) ## Timeline ### 2026-08-31: Human activity linked to 97% of European wildfires A study reveals that human activity, including negligence and arson, accounts for up to 97.5% of wildfires in Europe, significantly outpacing natural causes like lightning. 2 sources. https://clstr.news/cluster/human-activity-linked-to-97-of-european-wildfires ### 2026-08-26: Forest fires in Europe primarily driven by human activity Most forest fires in Germany are caused by human negligence or intent rather than natural events. Meanwhile, Belgium's largest fire since 1911 may have been triggered by mowing operations. 17 sources. https://clstr.news/cluster/germany-forest-fires-primarily-caused-by-human-activity ### 2026-08-11: Peter Wohlleben attributes Southern European forest fires to arson Forester Peter Wohlleben claims that most major forest fires in Southern Europe are caused by arson rather than spontaneous combustion or natural causes, citing extreme dryness as a key factor. 2 sources. https://clstr.news/cluster/peter-wohlleben-attributes-southern-european-forest-fires-to-arson --- Cite as: Human causes of European forest fires. CLSTR, https://clstr.news/situations/human-causes-of-european-forest-fires