Addison's disease in dogs: Risks and symptoms of hormonal dysfunction

Addison's disease, also known as hypocortism, is a rare but serious hormonal disorder in dogs caused by adrenal gland dysfunction. The condition results in a deficiency of essential hormones, including mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids such as cortisol, which are vital for metabolism.

This deficiency disrupts the balance of potassium, sodium, chloride, and water levels in the body. The disease can manifest as a slow, chronic progression or as an acute, sudden crisis. An Addisonian crisis is particularly dangerous and can be triggered by stress or infection, often following non-specific symptoms like lethargy and vomiting. If left untreated, these crises can lead to physical collapse.