Afghanistan faces instability under Taliban rule 25 years after US invasion

Twenty-five years after the US-led invasion initiated by the September 11 attacks, the United States continues to navigate complex relations with the Taliban, which has returned to power in Afghanistan. Washington remains engaged in disputes regarding detained Americans, security cooperation, and military equipment left behind during the 2021 withdrawal, while maintaining a policy of not formally recognizing the Kabul government.

Despite the Taliban's efforts to project an era of peace, the country faces significant instability. Growing armed resistance is emerging in various regions, fueled by former security personnel and new groups. The government faces challenges including economic difficulties, political isolation, and international criticism over restrictions on women’s rights and education. The lack of an inclusive, pluralistic political system and the failure to achieve national reconciliation have contributed to ongoing unrest and weak governance.