Agrifood systems drive 30% of global greenhouse gas emissions

Global agrifood systems are significant drivers of environmental change, accounting for approximately 30% of global greenhouse gas emissions. This impact stems from various stages of the supply chain, including livestock production, which contributes 18% of emissions, and the industrialization of agriculture that affects biodiversity, water quality, and soil health.

Key environmental pressures include the heavy use of pesticides and the high resource consumption required for food processing and transport. In Belgium, for instance, data indicates high pesticide use per unit of surface area, with more than half of fruits and vegetables sold containing residues. Furthermore, the shift toward highly processed foods—which now comprise about 80% of the food supply—increases the demand for energy and water.

Addressing these challenges requires a transition toward climate-smart agriculture and changes in consumption patterns. Reducing meat consumption and optimizing transport methods, such as favoring shipping over air freight, are identified as critical steps to mitigate the ecological footprint of the global food system.