AI data center project in Amazon triggers environmental investigation

The construction of the BEL1 project, the first artificial intelligence data center in the Amazon located in Belém, Pará, has triggered an investigation by the Public Ministry of the State of Pará. The inquiry focuses on the potential creation of “heat islands” and the alleged lack of public consultation with local riverside communities and residents.

Experts warn that the facility could cause significant environmental imbalances. While Elea Data Centers states it will use air conditioning systems rather than water for cooling, researchers note that data centers can raise surface temperatures significantly. There are also concerns regarding noise pollution; while local laws limit noise to 65 dB, data center environments can reach 96 dB, though the company claims noise mitigation measures are planned for its diesel generators.

Environmental authorities in Belém and the state of Pará have stated they currently have no active environmental licensing processes or impact studies (RIMA/EIV) under review for the project. Elea Data Centers maintains that all necessary permits are being requested within legal timeframes. The project involves an initial investment of R$ 250 million, with operations expected to begin in 2027.