Alzheimer’s research shows anti-amyloid drugs fail to improve memory

A Cochrane study involving 20,342 participants has found that new anti-amyloid drugs for Alzheimer’s dementia do not provide significant improvements in mental functioning. While the drugs successfully clear amyloid beta protein from the brain, researchers noted no clinical difference in cognitive function compared to a placebo. Additionally, the drugs were associated with increased risks of brain swelling and bleeding.

The review examined seven different monoclonal antibody drugs, including donanemab and lecanemab. Due to the high cost of these treatments—reaching up to £32,600 per year per patient in the USA—the findings may lead to changes in prescription guidance. Authors suggest that future research should explore different pathways rather than the amyloid hypothesis.

In a separate area of research, Monash University scientists are investigating whether genetic makeup influences the effectiveness of low-dose aspirin in preventing dementia. A study of over 13,500 participants suggests that polygenic scores related to platelet counts may determine how individuals respond to aspirin. If confirmed, this could offer a personalized and affordable approach to dementia prevention, as no medications are currently approved to prevent the condition.