American Cancer Society updates colorectal cancer screening guidelines

The American Cancer Society (ACS) has updated its colorectal cancer screening guidelines to include blood tests for the first time. This change reflects advancements in molecular biology, specifically the ability to detect molecular signals such as methylation patterns and other genomic alterations associated with neoplasia.

While blood tests offer the convenience of a simple blood draw, the ACS emphasizes that they are not currently the preferred screening method. They possess lower sensitivity compared to high-accuracy stool tests and imaging methods, particularly regarding the detection of stage I cancers and precancerous polyps. The primary goal of screening remains the prevention of disease through the early removal of polyps.

Key developments include the FDA approval of Guardant Health’s Shield in 2024 and the anticipated approval of Freenome’s SimpleScreen in July 2026. Medical experts from Alexandra Hospital note that early diagnosis remains critical for improving prognosis, as colorectal cancer remains a leading cause of mortality.