Ancient Urartu cities identified in Eastern Anatolia

The Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey contains numerous ancient settlements that provide insight into various civilizations, most notably the Urartu Kingdom.

In the Üzümlü district of Erzincan, the ancient city of Altıntepe stands as one of the best-preserved Urartu sites. Excavations have revealed a Urartu temple, an Apadana (a pillared reception hall), an open-air temple, and advanced sewage systems, including early Western-style toilet stones. While some artifacts are housed in the Ankara Anatolian Civilizations Museum, others remain in the Erzincan Museum. Plans are underway to open Altıntepe as an ‘Arkeopark’ for visitors.

In the Patnos district of Ağrı, the Anzavurtepe Mound (also known as Kot Tepe) serves as a significant Urartu site. Standing 300 meters high, the mound contains ruins of a palace, temple, platform, and a fortress built with basalt stones. The site features walls and towers dating back approximately 2,800 years, attributed to Urartu Kings Menua and Ishpuini. Additionally, the Giriktepe Mound in Ağrı is noted as a central location for the Urartu people.