Andropause and testosterone deficiency in men

Andropause, often referred to as male menopause or testosterone deficiency syndrome, is a natural aging process that affects approximately one in 20 men, typically starting around ages 40 or 50. It is characterized by a progressive decline in testosterone levels, leading to various physiological and cognitive changes.

Common symptoms include decreased libido, sexual dysfunction, loss of vitality, and persistent fatigue. Physical changes may also include a loss of muscle mass accompanied by increased body fat. Additionally, men may experience mood shifts such as irritability, anxiety, or depression, as well as cognitive difficulties involving memory, concentration, and sleep disturbances.

Risk factors that can exacerbate symptoms or increase the likelihood of onset include a body mass index (BMI) over 30, cardiovascular disease, thyroid issues, diabetes, family history, stress, and the use of tobacco, alcohol, or drugs.