La Garma cave reveals 16,800-year-old Paleolithic dwelling

Archaeologists in Cantabria, Spain, have uncovered an exceptionally well-preserved Paleolithic dwelling at the La Garma archaeological site. The cave, which remained sealed for approximately 16,800 years due to a natural rockfall at the end of the last glaciation, has acted as a time capsule for hunter-gatherer communities.

The discovery includes over 4,600 artifacts, providing detailed insight into Upper Paleolithic life. Findings consist of approximately 600 flint tools, needles, projectile points, and a precursor to the harpoon. Biological remains such as bones from deer, horses, and bison were also recovered.

The dwelling itself is a small, oval-shaped structure covering about five square meters. Its inhabitants utilized limestone blocks and stalagmites to secure a framework made of sticks and skins against a natural rock ledge. A central hearth was identified, which likely served as a focal point for daily activities including tool manufacturing, animal processing, and skin working.