Brazil consumer rights: managing debt and credit registration errors

Consumers in Brazil have specific legal protections regarding credit registration and debt management under the Consumer Defense Code (CDC). If a credit report contains incorrect, fraudulent, or already paid debts, individuals should request corrections from both the creditor and the credit bureau. Creditors are required to provide proof of contract, and credit bureaus must communicate data corrections within five business days.

Regarding the duration of negative records, the law prohibits negative information from remaining in consumer databases for more than five years. This five-year limit applies specifically to the public registration of the debt, not the debt itself. While the negative annotation must be removed after this period, the underlying debt does not automatically disappear and may still be subject to collection within legal prescription limits.

To manage debt effectively, experts recommend mapping all financial pendencies, including original values, interest rates, and delay periods. Prioritizing essential services like water and electricity, as well as high-interest debts such as overdrafts and revolving credit, is advised to prevent further financial instability. If disputes are not resolved through direct contact, consumers can seek assistance via Consumidor.gov.br, Procon, or the Public Defender's Office.