Brazil disaster SMS alerts show critical communication failures

A study conducted by researchers Murilo Noli da Fonseca and Luciene Pimentel da Silva from the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR) reveals critical failures in Brazil’s SMS-based disaster alert system. Analyzing 73,701 messages sent by civil defense agencies and registered with Anatel between 2018 and 2023, the research found that only 1.83% of alerts contained all essential elements required for effective communication.

Key deficiencies identified include a lack of specific instructions and situational clarity. According to the study, only 7.7% of messages explained potential damages, 5.9% provided precise locations, and only 9% indicated when the danger would end. Furthermore, 76.2% of the messages failed to clearly categorize the type of communication, such as whether it was a warning, alert, or advisory.

The researchers noted that the 160-character limit of SMS poses a significant obstacle to delivering comprehensive information. To improve public safety and decision-making during extreme weather events, the study suggests implementing multi-channel systems, including Cell Broadcast technology, messaging apps, and localized communication methods.