Brazil faces social security deficit and demographic shifts

Brazil's social security system is facing significant fiscal challenges, with the General Social Security Regime (RGPS) recording a financing requirement of approximately R$ 317.2 billion in 2025. This deficit, driven by an aging population and changing labor market dynamics, creates pressure on the federal budget, potentially competing for resources with sectors such as health, education, and infrastructure.

Parallel to these fiscal concerns, Brazil is experiencing rapid demographic aging. Between 2010 and 2022, the number of voters aged 60 or older grew by 74%, significantly outpacing the overall electorate growth of 15%. Despite this demographic weight, there is a notable trend of political detachment among older citizens; for instance, in the 2022 elections, approximately 8 million voters aged 70 or older did not cast ballots. This lack of participation is linked to a perceived lack of representation for the specific demands of an aging population in public debate.