Brazil Congress composition shifts following 2026 elections

The 2026 elections have significantly altered the composition of the Brazilian National Congress. The Liberal Party (PL) emerged as the dominant force, expanding its presence in both the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. In the Chamber, the PL gained 23 seats to reach 121 deputies, while the Workers' Party (PT) and Novo also saw growth. Conversely, traditional parties such as PSD, União Brasil, and PSDB experienced notable losses, with Cidadania losing all its representation in the Chamber.

In the Senate, the PL maintains the largest caucus with 28 senators. The PSD saw the most significant decline, losing nine seats. The elections also highlighted trends in political representation; the number of Black and mixed-race (preto or pardo) deputies decreased in both the federal Chamber and state assemblies. Additionally, 29 former federal deputies were elected to return to the Chamber in the 2027 legislature.

Regional results varied, with specific shifts noted in the Legislative Assembly of Goiás (Alego), which faces a 46% renewal rate, and in Bahia, where the distribution of seats and alternates has been finalized through the proportional system.