Brazilian Ophthalmology Council issues guidance on weight-loss pens

The Brazilian Ophthalmology Council (CBO) has issued clinical guidance following reports from the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (Anvisa) regarding suspected cases of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), also known as Noiana, among users of weight-loss injection pens.

Anvisa is currently investigating 13 notifications of suspected cases. The CBO advises that any patient experiencing visual disturbances should seek immediate evaluation by an ophthalmologist. Patients without current symptoms are encouraged to consult their prescribing physician to discuss the potential need for regular eye monitoring.

Concerns regarding a link between these medications and optic nerve complications gained international attention in 2024 after reports from a medical center in the United States. While researchers have conducted meta-analyses and reviewed retrospective datasets, experts note that the evidence remains inconclusive due to methodological limitations. Specifically, the patient groups using these medications often present with complex clinical profiles, including obesity and diabetes, which are independent risk factors for cardiovascular and ocular issues.