Brussels population stagnates after 30 years of growth

The population of the Brussels-Capital Region stagnated in 2025, increasing by only 39 people after 30 years of continuous growth. As of January 1, 2026, the region had 1,255,834 inhabitants, according to data from the Brussels Institute for Statistics and Analysis (IBSA) and Statbel.

While the region maintained a positive natural balance with 5,103 more births than deaths, this gain was offset by migration patterns. International arrivals fell by more than 11% compared to 2024. Additionally, a net loss of 18,553 residents occurred due to movement between Brussels and the Belgian regions of Flanders and Wallonia.

The number of foreign nationals in the region also saw its first decline in 20 years, dropping by approximately 5,900 to reach 461,155 residents, or 36.7% of the population. Demographic shifts varied by municipality; population grew in nine communes while declining in ten. Notably, Anderlecht saw significant growth, overtaking Schaerbeek to become the second most populous commune in the region.