Bulgaria passes measures to combat SLAPP lawsuits

The Bulgarian National Assembly has passed key amendments to the Civil Procedure Code in its first reading, aimed at combating Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPP), often referred to as ‘slap-and-shame’ cases. The new measures are designed to protect journalists, human rights activists, scientists, and environmentalists from unfounded legal actions used to intimidate or harass those addressing matters of public interest.

The legislative changes incorporate the requirements of the European ‘Daphne’ Directive. A new chapter, ‘Proceedings due to the public participation of the defendant,’ will be introduced to the code. This allows courts to terminate proceedings at an early stage through a decision on the merits if a claim is found to be unfounded, disproportionate, or intended to exert economic or political pressure.

Additionally, the amendments restrict the ability to impose security for claims, such as asset freezes, unless convincing written evidence is presented. Representatives from Progressive Bulgaria noted that these changes aim to ensure equality between parties in legal disputes involving public interest issues.