Catamarca mining operations face environmental and health protests

Mining operations in Catamarca, Argentina, have triggered significant controversy regarding environmental and health impacts. Environmental organizations and indigenous communities are protesting the intensive use of water resources in salt flat basins, particularly for lithium extraction via large-scale evaporation. Residents report that the reduction of groundwater has irreversibly damaged natural irrigation sources for local livestock.

In addition to water concerns, there are growing alarms regarding toxic risks. Workers and health professionals have reported exposure to hazardous chemicals, heavy metal dust, and corrosive substances, leading to chronic respiratory issues and skin conditions. Specific tensions have emerged at sites such as the Tres Quebradas project in Fiambalá and operations involving Chinese firms like Zijin-Liex, where protests have highlighted precarious labor conditions and a lack of biosafety equipment.

Critics, including labor unions and social organizations, have directed accusations toward Governor Raúl Jalil. They allege that provincial authorities are prioritizing production volumes and export acceleration over environmental audits and labor inspections. There are further complaints regarding the lack of basic infrastructure, such as potable water and healthcare, in indigenous communities despite the continuous export of minerals.