Catamarca mining expansion sparks environmental and transparency concerns

The expansion of lithium and mining projects in the Puna and interior valleys of Catamarca, Argentina, has triggered significant debate regarding long-term environmental consequences. Academic, community, and productive sectors have raised alarms over irreversible changes to arable soil, the salinization of basins, and the loss of land suitable for cultivation.

Technical experts warn that brine extraction and chemical processes degrade the moisture retention capacity of adjacent soils, accelerating erosion and compromising water profiles. Local agricultural and livestock producers report intense competition for land and water, noting that industrial infrastructure reduces traditional grazing areas and threatens subsistence economies.

In response to these concerns, local officials, including the Mayor of Villa de Ancasti, Rodolfo Santillán, have criticized the Ministry of Mining for a lack of transparency. Critics point to the absence of accessible environmental impact studies and insufficient data regarding freshwater consumption. Additionally, opposition legislators are calling for audits of the Mining Trust (Fideicomiso Minero) to ensure royalties are properly used for local infrastructure and ecosystem conservation.