Central Europe energy sector faces eclipse and drought pressures

Central Europe is facing energy sector challenges due to both astronomical events and extreme weather. A solar eclipse occurring in mid-August is expected to cover approximately 85 percent of the sun in Austria. The Austrian Power Grid (APG) anticipates this will reduce photovoltaic output by roughly 19 megawatts (MW). However, because the eclipse occurs during evening hours when solar production is already naturally declining, the impact is expected to be minimal, and no extraordinary measures are required to ensure grid security.

Simultaneously, extreme drought in the region is placing significant pressure on the energy market. Low river flows are affecting hydroelectric production and limiting the ability of nuclear and thermal power plants to use river water for cooling. In Hungary and Romania, the region has lost more than two gigawatts of nuclear capacity due to these conditions.

This drought has increased reliance on more expensive gas sources and electricity imports, leading to higher price volatility. In early August, the average cost of balancing the electricity system rose by approximately 50 percent compared to July. While the stability of the Slovak power system remains secure, experts suggest that prolonged drought could extend these price tensions and highlight the need for better coordination of plant maintenance and increased battery storage capacity.