Charles Baudelaire: influential French poet and Symbolist figure

Charles Baudelaire (1821–1867) was a seminal French poet, critic, and essayist, recognized as a foundational figure of Symbolism and an early precursor to Decadentism. Born in Paris, his life was marked by complex family dynamics, particularly a strained relationship with his stepfather, which contributed to his existential distress.

Baudelaire’s literary career reached its peak with the 1857 publication of “Les Fleurs du mal” (The Flowers of Evil). The collection sparked significant controversy and legal action, resulting in the censorship of several poems due to perceived immorality. His personal life was characterized by financial instability, struggles with addiction, and influential relationships, including his long-term muse, Jeanne Duval.

In his later years, Baudelaire faced declining health and emotional isolation. After spending time in Brussels, he returned to Paris, where he eventually died at the age of 46 following strokes that left him paralyzed. He is buried in the Montparnasse Cemetery.