China develops high-power microwave technology to disable satellites

Researchers at the Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology (NINT) in Xi’an, China, have developed a compact generator capable of producing high-power microwave (HPM) pulses. The device, identified as the TPG1000Cs, can reach peak power outputs of up to 20 gigawatts using extremely brief pulses of 50 nanoseconds.

Unlike kinetic anti-satellite missiles that physically destroy targets, this technology utilizes directed energy to interfere with or disable electronic components. By targeting antennas, sensors, or circuits, the system could disrupt a satellite’s navigation, communication, or power distribution without causing an explosion or visible debris.

Led by Wang Gang, the development team achieved a relatively compact design—measuring approximately four meters long and weighing five tons—by utilizing an integrated Tesla transformer and high-density insulating liquid. The system demonstrated stability during testing, maintaining operation for approximately one minute and accumulating roughly 200,000 pulses. The combination of high power, reduced size, and operational stability suggests potential for integration into mobile electronic warfare platforms.