China expands national security laws, prompting warnings from Taiwan

China is implementing a series of new and amended national security laws that Taiwanese officials warn will increase uncertainty for citizens, businesses, and investors. These measures reflect an expanding interpretation of national security by Beijing, extending control into areas such as finance, information, commerce, and the movement of people and goods.

Key legislative changes include the Ethnic Unity and Progress Promotion Law, which took effect on July 1, and upcoming exit-and-entry regulations. Additionally, amendments to the National Defense Mobilization Law are expected to expand Beijing’s authority to mobilize civilian resources, private property, technology, and supply chains during perceived national emergencies. New cyberspace security inspection measures are also scheduled for October 1.

Taiwan’s Mainland Affairs Council has characterized the broad language used in these laws—specifically terms like “national security” and “national interests”—as a “blank check” for enforcement agencies. Officials warn that this vague wording allows authorities significant discretion to interpret violations, potentially targeting individuals and organizations even outside of China.