China identified as key supplier of dual-use goods for Houthi arsenal

The Houthi rebels in Yemen are increasingly utilizing dual-use goods from China to bolster their military capabilities and reduce direct dependence on Iranian weapon deliveries. While Iran remains a primary source of military technology and logistics, reports indicate a shift toward the local assembly of weaponry using components imported through commercial channels.

Analysis from the Century Foundation and Conflict Armaments Research suggests that many intercepted shipments now consist of items that serve both civilian and military purposes, such as GPS devices, electric motors, and engine parts. These goods are often shipped as industrial equipment to bypass inspections.

Data highlights the growing role of Chinese components in Houthi technology. For example, approximately 60% of the components identified in the Houthi Qasef-2K drone were traced to China, compared to roughly 15% linked to Iran. This supply chain involves Yemeni businessmen and commercial intermediaries who procure equipment from Chinese suppliers and transport it via complex maritime routes.