China pushes future industries and tech innovation for modernization

Chinese leadership is emphasizing the development of "future industries"—including quantum technology, bio‑manufacturing, green hydrogen, and 6G communications—to support the country’s modernisation agenda. President Xi Jinping has urged coordinated growth of future, emerging and traditional sectors, highlighting the need for systemic integration, risk‑sharing mechanisms and sustained investment. Policies aim to channel research funding, streamline technology transfer, and foster youth talent, with around 43% of major R&D projects led by scientists under 45. The government also seeks to improve the efficiency of research spending, reform evaluation systems, and strengthen safety and ethical governance for high‑risk fields such as AI and life sciences. These measures are presented as a core part of China’s strategy to build a modernised, resilient industrial system and to achieve self‑reliance in advanced technologies.