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[INTERNATIONAL] · China, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, United States · 100 sources

China launches submarine‑borne ballistic missile in the Pacific, sparking regional condemnation

On 6 July 2026 the People’s Liberation Army Navy fired a long‑range ballistic missile from a nuclear‑powered submarine into international waters of the South Pacific. The missile carried a dummy warhead and, according to Chinese state media, landed precisely in a pre‑designated area as part of the navy’s annual training. China said relevant regional governments had been notified in advance.

Australia’s foreign minister Penny Wong called the test “destabilising” and criticized the lack of transparent notice. New Zealand foreign minister Winston Peters said the launch was “deeply concerned” and “unwelcome”, echoing similar statements from Japan’s chief cabinet secretary Minoru Kihara, who urged Beijing to reconsider the test. The United States expressed “great concern”, noting the launch contravenes the spirit of the South Pacific Nuclear‑Free Zone established by the Treaty of Rarotonga.

The test coincided with the signing of a new defence pact between Australia and Fiji, prompting analysts to view the timing as a strategic signal from Beijing. It is the first submarine‑launched ballistic missile test since 2024 and highlights China’s expanding sea‑based nuclear deterrent, raising worries about an arms‑race in the Indo‑Pacific.

NATO officials confirmed they are closely monitoring the activity, and Russia publicly described the test as a sovereign right for China. The launch has intensified diplomatic friction and is expected to dominate regional security discussions in the coming weeks.

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