Climate change adaptation strategies focus on cocoa insurance and jackfruit resilience

Climate change is increasing unpredictability in the agricultural sector, posing risks such as droughts, excessive rainfall, and pests. In Indonesia, the cocoa sector faces significant challenges, with approximately 1.36 million hectares of cocoa area and a production of about 616,000 tons expected in 2025. About 292,000 hectares require rehabilitation to optimize productivity. To mitigate these risks, agricultural insurance—specifically index-based or parametric insurance—is being highlighted as a tool to protect smallholder farmers and ensure business sustainability.

Simultaneously, researchers are exploring climate-resilient food sources to combat global food system pressures. A study published in Scientific Reports highlights the potential of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) due to its ability to grow with minimal care under environmental stress. Research conducted by the ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research in India examined jackfruit diversity in arid regions, noting that nearly all parts of the tree, including the fruit and seeds, are edible and nutritious, making it a viable candidate for food security in changing climates.