Colombia's power grid faces possible energy rationing as water reserves dwindle

Colombia’s electricity system is experiencing a severe shortfall, with demand outpacing supply by about 10 % during peak hours. The national grid, which relies on hydro power for 58 % of its capacity, is vulnerable to low rainfall and rising temperatures. Operator XM reported dozens of emergency restrictions and automatic load‑shedding events, especially in the Caribbean region, raising concerns that simultaneous electricity and natural‑gas rationing could become necessary.

In response, Empresas Públicas de Medellín (EPM) is accelerating water‑reservoir storage to guard against an anticipated strong El Niño event. The utility aims to fill its main dams, including the Hidroituango reservoir, to sustain hydro‑electric generation through the dry season and into 2027. EPM has petitioned regulators to raise the operational water level by 11 metres, a measure intended to preserve electricity production despite expected rainfall deficits.