Columbia University researchers develop yeast-based PFAS detection system

Researchers at Columbia University and City College are developing a biohybrid detection system to identify PFAS, commonly known as ‘forever chemicals’, in drinking water. Led by chemist Virginia Cornish, the project aims to create a faster and more affordable alternative to traditional laboratory testing, which often requires expensive instruments and long wait times.

The proposed technology combines engineered yeast, AI-designed receptor proteins, and semiconductor sensors. The yeast cells are designed to recognize specific PFAS compounds, such as PFOA and PFOS, and produce a fluorescent green glow when the chemicals are present. This yeast is intended to be freeze-dried into disposable test strips, similar to pH paper, which can then be read by a small wireless device using metal-oxide-semiconductor sensor chips.

If successful, the system could provide municipal water operators with near-real-time data to monitor contamination and the effectiveness of treatment equipment. Cornish suggests the device and strips could cost significantly less than current methods, potentially saving municipal water systems hundreds of thousands of dollars. The research is supported by the National Science Foundation’s Convergence Accelerator program.