Common causes of frequent nighttime awakenings

Frequent nighttime awakenings can be caused by various factors, ranging from stress and evening alcohol consumption to hormonal changes and sleep apnea. While brief awakenings between sleep cycles are often normal and unremembered, persistent issues such as being unable to fall back asleep or waking up too early can indicate insomnia.

According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), stress related to work, school, relationships, or finances is a significant contributor to sleep disruption. This can create a cycle where anxiety about the remaining hours of sleep further prevents rest. Additionally, while alcohol may assist with initial sleep onset, it can lead to awakenings later in the night.