Copper supply shortage threatens global green energy transition

A study published in ScienceDirect by the Dutch Faculty of Engineering and Geology warns that global copper demand, driven by the green energy transition and electrification, is expected to outpace primary mining and processing capacities. To mitigate supply risks and reduce dependence on third-party imports, the European Union is utilizing the Critical Raw Materials Act to bolster domestic extraction, processing, and recycling capabilities.

Copper is highlighted as an essential and highly recyclable metal for clean energy technologies. The analysis suggests that secondary (recycled) copper is as effective as primary copper, making circular economy practices vital for future stability.

In North Macedonia, experts and geologists point to the Ilovica-Stuka porphyry copper and gold deposit as a significant resource for economic development. Aligning with the Mineral Resources Strategy 2026-2046, there are calls for the country to engage in the global race for critical minerals through sustainable mining practices that meet European standards.