Cushing syndrome risks linked to prolonged corticosteroid use

Prolonged use of corticosteroids, particularly in high doses, can lead to exogenous Cushing syndrome. While these medications are essential for managing inflammatory and allergic conditions such as asthma, dermatitis, arthritis, and certain autoimmune diseases, they act similarly to cortisol and can cause significant physiological changes if exposure is extended.

Key warning signs of the condition include weight gain with specific fat distribution—notably in the abdomen, face, and the back of the neck—while the arms and legs may appear thinner. Other symptoms include the appearance of wide, reddish or violaceous striae (stretch marks) on the abdomen, thighs, and arms, as well as muscle weakness.

Medical experts, including Eduardo Evangelista from Instituto Carrión, emphasize that these complications can arise not only from self-medication but also from prescribed treatments requiring long-term use. Strict medical supervision is essential, as increasing dosages or extending treatment beyond prescribed limits significantly raises health risks.