Danish study links nocturnal enuresis to higher ADHD and autism risks

A large-scale study conducted by research teams at Aalborg University Hospital and Aarhus University Hospital in Denmark has identified a significant link between nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting) and neurodevelopmental disorders.

Analyzing medical records of approximately 500,000 children between 1996 and 2023, researchers found that children treated for nocturnal enuresis were nearly twice as likely to be diagnosed with ADHD or autism later in life compared to those without the condition. Specifically, 11.3% of children treated for bedwetting received an ADHD or autism diagnosis, compared to 5.6% of the control group.

The study focused on children who had received medical diagnoses or prescriptions for nocturnal enuresis, rather than isolated incidents. Researchers noted that while bedwetting can improve naturally with age, persistent cases that do not respond to standard treatments—such as bladder training, alarms, or medication—may warrant investigation into underlying developmental characteristics.