Deer species and characteristics in North America

North America is home to five native deer species: the white-tailed deer, mule deer, elk, moose, and caribou. These species belong to the family Cervidae, characterized by the annual growth and shedding of antlers in males, and in the case of caribou, females as well.

White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are widely distributed from southern Canada to South America. They are known for raising their white-undersided tails as a warning signal and can reach speeds of 30 miles per hour. Other native species include the mule deer, found in western North America, and the moose, which is the largest deer species on Earth.

In addition to these native species, several introduced species from the Old World, such as sika, axis, and fallow deer, have established free-ranging populations across the continent.