Dermatologists explain causes and risks of solar spots

Dermatologist Concetta D'Alessandro from the Instituto de Dermatología Integral explains that solar spots, also known as solar lentigines or age spots, are benign pigmented lesions caused by cumulative exposure to ultraviolet radiation. While often associated with aging, these spots are visible markers of chronic sun damage. The skin retains a memory of past exposures, even without visible burns, leading melanocytes to produce irregular pigment deposits.

Commonly affected areas include the face, neck, chest, shoulders, arms, and the backs of the hands. Beyond aesthetic concerns, these spots indicate photoaging, which contributes to wrinkles, loss of elasticity, and changes in skin texture.

Experts warn that while most spots are benign, some may be precancerous or early-stage skin cancer. To monitor lesions at home, the ABCDE rule is recommended: Asymmetry, irregular Borders, varied Color, Diameter greater than 6mm, and Evolution (rapid changes). Medical consultation is advised if a lesion bleeds, itches persistently, forms repeated scabs, or fails to heal.