Diabetic retinopathy can damage vision without early symptoms

Diabetic retinopathy, often referred to as the ‘diabetic eye’, can cause significant damage to the retina and macula even when a patient’s vision remains normal. The German Diabetes Society (DDG) highlights that the condition develops as high blood sugar levels damage the small blood vessels in the retina, leading to circulation issues.

Statistics indicate that approximately 25 percent of people with Type 1 diabetes and 10 to 15 percent of those with Type 2 diabetes are affected. In some cases, retinal changes are already present at the time of a Type 2 diabetes diagnosis. A severe form is maculopathy, which affects the macula—the area responsible for sharp central vision—potentially causing blurred vision, blind spots, or a sensation of seeing through a dark curtain.

In extreme cases, the condition can lead to retinal detachment, which is considered an acute medical emergency. Experts emphasize that regular eye examinations are crucial for early detection, as the early stages often present no symptoms. Managing blood sugar and blood pressure levels can help limit the progression of ocular damage.