Diwali traditions and regional rituals across India

Diwali, the festival of lights, is observed through diverse regional rituals across India, reflecting the country's cultural and religious variety. In North India, the festival commemorates the return of Lord Rama, Sita, and Lakshman to Ayodhya. In contrast, southern traditions often link the occasion to Lord Krishna's victory over the demon Narakasura.

In Goa, Naraka Chaturdashi celebrations involve the creation and burning of massive Narakasura effigies, some reaching the height of two-story buildings. Other local customs include 'Abhyang Snan' (ritual bathing with scented oils) and the symbolic crushing of karit fruit to ward off negativity.

Other notable regional observances include the Sikh celebration of Bandi Chhor Divas in Punjab, marking the release of Guru Hargobind Sahib, and Kali Puja in West Bengal and Odisha, where devotees worship Goddess Kali instead of Goddess Lakshmi.