Dog heatstroke: signs, emergency steps and prevention tips

Heatstroke, or hyperthermia, can develop in dogs within minutes when their body temperature exceeds about 40.5 °C. Early signs include rapid, noisy panting, thick drooling, bright red or pale gums, a bright red tongue, disorientation, stumbling, vomiting or diarrhoea, and eventual collapse. Brachycephalic breeds such as French bulldogs and boxers, overweight, senior dogs, puppies, and those with dense coats are especially vulnerable.

If heatstroke is suspected, move the dog immediately to shade or a cool, ventilated area. Cool the body gradually by wetting the belly, armpits, groin and paw pads with lukewarm water and applying damp towels, while a fan aids evaporation. Offer fresh (not icy) water, avoid forcing drinking, and call a veterinarian without delay, as internal damage may appear hours later. Prevention measures include providing ample shade, multiple water stations, avoiding intense exercise during midday heat, and protecting hot surfaces that can exceed 55 °C under direct sun.