Lung cancer risk rises 56% for former smokers who switch to vaping

A study published in Nature Medicine involving over 4.5 million adults in South Korea indicates that former smokers who switch to daily vaping face a 56% higher risk of developing lung cancer compared to those who quit nicotine products entirely. The research, led by Yeon Wook Kim of Seoul National University, also found that the risk of death from lung cancer approximately doubled for daily vapers.

While the study is observational and does not establish direct cause and effect, researchers noted that aerosols from e-cigarettes may contain harmful substances such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and heavy metals like nickel and lead. These substances can damage lung tissue, particularly in long-term former smokers.

Separately, medical experts note that while vaping is generally considered less harmful than traditional smoking, its long-term health risks remain not fully understood due to its relatively recent widespread use. Simulations of the nicotine withdrawal process describe a difficult transition, including initial anxiety and irritability due to dopamine depletion, physical symptoms like headaches and chest tightness during detoxification, and eventual improvements in taste and heart rate after approximately two weeks.