Egypt implements education reforms and new Baccalaureate system

Egypt is implementing significant education reforms, including the introduction of the Egyptian Baccalaureate system scheduled for the 2026/2027 academic year. The new system features four specialized tracks for second-year secondary students: Medicine and Life Sciences, Engineering and Computer Science, Business, and Arts and Humanities. Core subjects for all tracks include Arabic, a first foreign language, and history, while specialized subjects like physics, mathematics, or programming will vary by track.

In tandem with these changes, the government is shifting university admission priorities. President Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi has directed an increase in student enrollment for high-demand fields such as artificial intelligence, data science, engineering, and medical sciences, while reducing intake in humanities disciplines with lower labor-market demand.

To support these transitions, the Ministry of Education is conducting specialized training for teachers, particularly in Arabic language instruction, to move from rote learning to skill-based education. Additionally, a cooperation agreement with the United Nations Development Programme is being prepared to provide digital training in areas like cybersecurity and cloud computing, aiming to provide up to 1.5 million training licenses over three years.