Electronic cigarettes linked to potential carcinogenic risk in new scientific review

A recent review published in *Carcinogenesis* reassesses the long‑term health impact of electronic cigarettes. Researchers Theodora Psaltopoulou, Alexandra Stavropoulou and Thanasis Dimopoulos note that, while vaping has been promoted as a safer alternative to smoking, the limited two‑decade market history leaves a gap in large‑scale epidemiological data.

The analysis of biomarker studies, case reports and animal experiments finds that e‑cigarette users are exposed to known or suspected carcinogens, including volatile organic compounds such as acrylamide and acrylonitrile, elevated levels of metals like lead and cadmium, and certain poly‑cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. These exposures are associated with DNA damage, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation and, in animal models, lung tumors.

Although the chemical burden for vapers is generally lower than for traditional smokers, the review stresses the uncertainty surrounding the true cancer risk for humans. It also highlights regulatory issues: on 5 May 2026 the U.S. FDA authorized flavored vaping products for adult smokers seeking alternatives, yet no e‑cigarette has been approved as a cessation therapy, and concerns persist about marketing to youth.