Exercise and acne: How physical activity affects skin health

While exercise itself does not cause acne, physical activity can exacerbate existing skin conditions. Factors such as heat, sweat, friction, and tight-fitting clothing can irritate the skin and lead to increased redness, pimples, and blackheads.

Acne, medically known as acne vulgaris, is driven by several biological factors, including increased sebum production, keratinization disorders at the hair follicle opening, changes in the skin microbiome, and inflammatory responses. When pores become clogged due to excess oil and dead skin cells, bacteria such as Cutibacterium acnes can trigger inflammation, resulting in comedones, papules, or pustules. These breakouts typically occur in areas with high concentrations of sebaceous glands, such as the face, chest, back, and shoulders.

Other potential aggravating factors include high-fat skincare products that clog pores, physical pressure, and stress.