Metabolic fatty liver disease linked to cardiovascular risks

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, is increasingly recognized as a significant indicator of broader metabolic and cardiovascular risks. Medical experts note that while fatty liver was traditionally associated with alcohol consumption, the modern rise in MASLD is driven by obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and metabolic issues such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension.

Clinical indicators for fatty liver often include elevated liver enzymes, specifically AST and ALT, where ALT is frequently higher than AST. Additionally, γ-GTP may rise earlier than ALT, serving as an early warning sign even when other levels appear normal. If left unmanaged, the condition can progress from inflammation to cirrhosis and liver cancer.

Research highlights a strong link between MASLD and increased risks of myocardial infarction, stroke, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure. Because the condition is often asymptomatic, early detection through blood tests and abdominal imaging is critical. Management strategies focus on controlled weight loss—targeting a 5% to 10% reduction in body weight—adopting Mediterranean-style diets, regular physical activity, and managing underlying metabolic disorders.