France approves homologation for autonomous delivery robots

France has introduced a new regulatory framework to allow the homologation of autonomous delivery robots. A decree published in the Official Journal paves the way for these electric vehicles to operate on public roads to facilitate last-mile logistics while aiming to reduce urban noise and pollution.

These vehicles are classified under category L, which includes mopeds, motorcycles, tricycles, and quadricycles. Unlike small sidewalk robots, these larger autonomous units are permitted to use roads but are prohibited from using sidewalks. Depending on their specific category, they can reach a length of up to four meters and carry a payload of up to 1,000 kilograms over distances spanning several dozen kilometers.

To qualify, the vehicles must be fully electric, completely automated, and not designed for passenger transport. They must also be incapable of being manually driven at speeds exceeding 6 km/h. While operating autonomously using cameras, radar, and onboard software to navigate obstacles, the vehicles will remain under remote supervision. Additionally, the systems must comply with strict cybersecurity and personal data protection regulations. Local authorities will be responsible for defining the specific zones and routes where these robots are authorized to operate.