France outlines energy transition strategy and grid modernization

France is navigating a significant shift in its energy landscape, focusing on both grid flexibility and a structured phase-out of fossil fuels. To accommodate the expected growth of solar and wind power, the electrical grid must increase its capacity for storage and interconnection. While nuclear power is expected to remain a central pillar with stable capacities between 61 and 63 GW through 2035, the intermittent nature of renewables necessitates enhanced flexibility through tools like pumped-storage hydroelectricity.

Parallel to these technical adjustments, the French government has outlined a roadmap to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. The strategy aims for a progressive exit: coal by 2030, oil by 2045, and fossil gas by 2050. Current data shows fossil fuels account for 57% of France's final energy consumption. The government intends to reduce this share to 40% by 2030 and 30% by 2035, with major transformations targeted in the housing, heating, and transport sectors.