France passes police 'presumption of legitimate defense' law, 500,000‑plus sign petition against it

On 7 July, the French National Assembly approved in first reading a bill that creates a presumption of legitimate defence for police officers and gendarmes who fire their weapons in situations already authorised by law. The measure, presented by deputy Éric Pauget and supported by the government, means that when an agent uses a firearm under the defined conditions, the act is initially presumed lawful, though the presumption can be rebutted by contrary evidence. The vote was 313 in favour, 199 against, with five abstentions, and the text now moves to the Senate for further consideration.

Government officials, including Interior Minister Laurent Nuñez, argue the change is needed to protect officers operating in increasingly dangerous environments. Human‑rights groups, the UN’s OHCHR, and opposition politicians warn that the law could act as a “license to kill” and undermine independent investigations, potentially fostering impunity. A petition opposing the legislation, organised by victims’ families and civil‑society organisations, has gathered more than 500,000 signatures across France, reflecting widespread public concern.

The debate highlights a sharp split between security‑policy supporters and critics concerned about accountability and the rule of law in policing.