France's national monuments face severe climate risks by 2050

A new study by the Centre des monuments nationaux (CMN) warns that all 110 of its managed sites in France will be heavily exposed to various climate hazards by 2050. The report examines the impact of a potential 2.7°C temperature increase on national heritage.

Key findings for 2050 indicate that 80% of the sites will face conditions favorable to wildfires for more than 30 days. Additionally, 52% of the locations will be moderately or strongly affected by clay shrinkage and swelling, a process that can destabilize building foundations. The entire network is expected to face significant risks related to heat and water.

Specific vulnerabilities include coastal erosion, which threatens to submerge Georges Clemenceau’s seaside home in Vendée by 2120, and flooding risks at sites like the Château d'Azay-le-Rideau. Beyond physical damage to structures, the CMN highlights human risks to visitors and staff during heatwaves. The study aims to serve as a foundation for site-specific adaptation strategies.