Gardening advice for perennial propagation and soil maintenance

Gardening experts provide guidance on maintaining plant health and soil quality during the transition from summer to autumn.

To expand a garden for free, perennials such as peonies, daylilies, irises, and hostas can be propagated by division. This process involves carefully digging up the plant and using a spade or knife to separate the root ball into sections, each containing healthy roots and several buds. This method is most effective for older, overcrowded clumps and helps rejuvenate the plants by providing more space, water, and nutrients.

Post-harvest soil care is also essential. Experts recommend removing plant debris, specifically ensuring that remains affected by fungal diseases or pests like aphids and mites are discarded to prevent overwintering. While some roots, such as those from peas or beans, can be left to decompose and enrich the soil, other methods like green manure and natural fertilizers—including compost and manure—are recommended to improve soil structure and water retention. Before applying fertilizers, a soil analysis is advised to determine pH and nutrient levels, as symptoms of exhaustion can often be confused with drought or disease.