Heatwave threatens calves and horses across Europe

A prolonged heatwave with temperatures above 30 °C is stressing farm animals in several European countries. Veterinarian Dr Peter Zieger warns that calf mortality can rise when the temperature‑humidity index (THI) reaches about 85, a level that can cause body temperatures of 41–42 °C, rapid breathing and life‑threatening lactic acidosis. Immediate measures include moving calves to shaded or cooler buildings, applying tepid wraps and monitoring core temperature.

Equine experts highlight similar risks for horses, which can lose up to 100 mg Na, 150 mg Cl and 50 mg K per kilogram of body weight through sweat in a few hours. Recommended protections are constant access to fresh water, shade, salt or electrolyte supplements, and limiting training to cool morning or evening hours. Signs of heatstroke in horses include excessive sweating, inability to dissipate heat, and body temperatures that may climb to 50 °C, potentially leading to organ failure. Prompt cooling, hydration and veterinary care are essential.

Both sectors advise farmers to monitor weather forecasts, provide adequate ventilation, and adjust management practices to prevent heat‑related illnesses in livestock.