Ghana illegal mining causes environmental and social crisis

Illegal mining, known locally as galamsey, is causing severe environmental, economic, and social damage across Ghana. Environmental watchdog A Rocha Ghana has reported that mining operators are engaging in land grabs and using intimidation, threats, and physical violence to silence community members who attempt to protect their land.

The advocacy group documented instances of land encroachment, farm destruction, and water pollution in several towns. In the Ayensuano District, operators reportedly attempted to enter community lands through cooperative mining arrangements, facing resistance from residents and local resource management committees. In other areas, mining has destroyed farm access routes and left dangerous abandoned pits.

Renowned mining executive Sir Sam Jonah also warned of the crisis, noting that rivers once used for clean water now resemble ‘chocolate milk’ due to pollution. He characterized the situation as a multifaceted crisis involving environmental degradation, public health risks, and economic instability that threatens the livelihoods of those dependent on farming and fishing.